Do we really need all speak English?
| Do we really need all speak English? Americans like to repeat "the sky is the limit" testifying about his belief that nothing is impossible. This is especially true today, if I have to speak English. Then you can easily get a good job, to travel freely, use the "Anglo-Saxon" benefits of culture, Hollywood movies, but he's also more sophisticated. Absorb American culture, and in fact she absorbs us. We are a builder biblical Tower of Babel, we learn English in order to create a global people. This idea has not pleased God Jawhe. So confused the builders of Babel languages, dividing them into different nations, to thereby prevent the construction of the tower. I do not like it as well one of the most prominent contemporary political theorists - Philippe van Parijs - that przkonywał me this morning that the widespread use of English bears the hallmarks of injustice. Fortunately you can do something about it.Do we need a modern lingua franca? There is a nice term - the lingua franca - which in its more general terms, refers to the widely used languages, which różnojęzycznymi means of communication between groups of people. In the past served this role include Latin combines medieval Europe to modern times, and finally the modern French in diplomatic circles, or German in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, especially in the economic areas of Central and Eastern Europe. Only Wikipedia. But is today a common language we really need? Philippe van Parijs in his recent book (Linguistic Justice for Europe and for the World, 2011 - published in the most prestigious series of publications in the field of political theory - Oxford Political Theory) tells us so. It's simple: the language we need to in order to communicate across borders. We need him as a tool of argument and (this is important!) Mobilization. Only with such an instrument available to be able to face current and future challenges before us are - economic, environmental, cultural (migration, etc..) And any other that transcend national borders and kontynetnów. Oh, one more thing. This instrument must be cheap. I mean. Can you imagine that we can communicate and mobilize the translators. It's just that it's not really worth it. Better uwżywać language ... well, what?Is English must be the modern lingua franca? The answer is simple: yes. Already it has become the de facto. Eurobarometer data clearly show that in recent years in Europe, most national languages recorded only a slight increase in those who would have him posługiwały (exceptions include German, which is due to a large influx of Turkish population of Germany and Austria). Lich people who say they speak English but rose dramatically - from 25% to 75% of the population of European citizens. The interest in learning the English language is influenced by many factors, but the most important role is played here: the probability that it will be used the language in the future and in fact its use. Both factors significantly affect the fact that in Europe English learning. And so do the whole world.Is that unfair? This time, someone would be able to say. Consent. You have to adapt if it wants to succeed in life. But keep in mind that there are at least four reasons, due to which it can be concluded that something is wrong. He spoke about it this morning, van Parijs. 1) Together with the English language there is an ideological hegemony / cultural. English is not the language neturalnym, perhaps none is, but English is not it for sure. Together with him we buy certain cultural patterns, we agree with a certain distribution of influence in the economy, in politics, in culture. 2) If the lingua franca is actually used to this, to be able to communicate and mobilize to solve various global issues can be thought as a public good, namely that, which no one should be excluded. Meanwhile, people whose mother tongue is not only not to use it excluded. They have over us, ie of those for whom English is not their first language, a significant advantage. They force us to incur additional costs associated with niebagatelnych learning English. Who has to pay for it? We ourselves? 3) They force us to learn English if only because English is regarded today as the value. Without it, it is difficult to get a good job, enjoy nights culture etc. 4) Finally, the dignity of the language, and in fact other languages. How to defend against the loss of vernacular appeal before stagnation? The language must be a living creature, grow. There is also a product of the past, a manifestation of culture, an instrument with which we understand as a society, as a nation. It seems, therefore, that the argument about the alleged van Parijs linguistic injustice is not at all exaggerated. Moreover, it suggests to us a few simple tips that can help to overcome these injustices. 1) We use English as a kind of megaphone. We use it to be heard to say that we have our values in which we believe and which does not need to comply with what they say, Bush, Obama and Sean Penn. 2) One of the best ways to learn a language is access to culture - music, film, what have you. And because popular culture has today become almost synonymous with American culture, it is not surprising that the American artist loudest advocate a strict regime of copyright law and its enforcement. In light of the language of justice is not (good) reason why you can not make the best use of the available gray market goods on the internet the English culture. I must defend the area at all costs is in the light of justice argument. 3) Since English is such a great value in our personal and professional lives to shape policy that promotes the study. Van Parijs give an example that would seem trivial, but it turns out that it plays an important role in real life. Why Swedes, Finns and Dutch people speak English much better than, say, the Italians and the French? Well, because the former group of countries bans on television and in the cinema dubbing. In return, the subtitles are used in the vernacular. Videos are played while in the original version. 4) how to defend the dignity of the language? By applying the principle of territoriality. If you need somewhere to perform, to a country, city or canton, you have to learn the official language there, send their children to school, where classes are held in that language. These are just a few examples of the application of the principle of territoriality in practice. It has its drawbacks, of course, is costly, strategic projections may mean "brain drain" to countries where English speaking - to the United Kingdom or the United States. Migration is easy in the U.S., where the language problem does not really exist. Can be transferred from the state to the state in search of work, which is also very common. In Europe, precisely because of the aspect is much more difficult. requires large expenditures associated with the need to learn the language. When these expenses incurred, would like to stay there longer., what if aukrat country goes bankrupt, as it seemed that Greece will go bankrupt? answer can only strengthen the redistribution of national income when appropriate, as it is today in Greece - concludes van Parijs. Less than a week ago in Poland celebrated International Mother Language Day. On this occasion, Mr. President took part in the gala, etc.. Also organized a fun social and educational campaign "Native - add to favorites." It reminded - as I read - "the role and place of the mother tongue in the life of the Poles, to contribute to raising awareness of the language, to strengthen the feeling that is created by the Polish language each user and that each of us is responsible for it. " The same is true today with the English language. Each of us is for his role in our lives, in politics, economy and culture of responsibility. Van Parijs The book is available from Oxford University Press.
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